by admin | Nov 15, 2024 | Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell Therapy, Uncategorized
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has gained attention as a potential treatment for decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC), a severe form of liver disease that occurs when the liver can no longer function properly. Liver cirrhosis, especially when caused by chronic hepatitis B (HBV), leads to a significant decline in health, and current treatments do not always yield long-term benefits.
MSCs, particularly those derived from bone marrow (BM-MSC) and umbilical cord (UC-MSC), have shown promise in improving liver function in both animal and human studies. However, the long-term safety and efficacy of MSC therapy, especially in human patients with liver diseases like DLC, remain uncertain. Shi et al.’s study sought to address this gap by observing the effects of UC-MSC therapy in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis over a follow-up period of 75 months.
Introduction
In recent years, MSC therapy has emerged as a novel approach for treating liver disease, particularly cirrhosis. Research on animal models has demonstrated that bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can reduce liver fibrosis and even reverse acute liver failure. These findings have also extended to clinical settings where BM-MSC infusions have significantly improved liver function in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, UC-MSC therapies have been explored, with early studies demonstrating their potential to safely and effectively treat autoimmune-related cirrhosis and improve outcomes in patients with chronic liver failure.
While early studies show promising short-term benefits, there is still limited knowledge about the long-term safety and efficacy of MSC treatments for liver disease. Most studies have only followed patients for up to 12 months. This study aimed to explore the long-term impact of UC-MSC therapy on patients with HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis over a period of 75 months, the longest follow-up recorded to date.
Effects of UC-MSC on Long-Term Survival
The primary goal of Shi et al.’s study was to evaluate the long-term survival rates of patients in both groups. Initially, there was no significant difference in survival rates between the UC-MSC group and the control group. However, by using a landmark analysis, the researchers discovered that patients in the UC-MSC group had a significantly higher survival rate during the 13 to 75-month follow-up period, although no notable difference was observed during the first 13 months.
These findings suggest that UC-MSC treatment may take some time to show its full benefits. After the initial 13 months, patients who received UC-MSC therapy experienced improved survival rates compared to those who received only conventional treatment.
Impact of UC-MSC Infusion on Liver Function
To assess the effect of UC-MSC therapy on liver function, the researchers monitored key markers such as albumin (ALB), prothrombin activity (PTA), cholinesterase (CHE), and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels. Results showed that patients in the UC-MSC group experienced significant improvements in ALB and PTA levels compared to the control group during the 48-week follow-up. Additionally, although CHE levels were initially lower and TBIL levels were higher in the UC-MSC group at baseline, these markers improved following the UC-MSC infusions.
The results suggest that UC-MSC therapy helps reduce liver inflammation and enhances liver function over time, improving the liver’s ability to produce essential proteins and process waste products.
Safety and Adverse Effects of UC-MSC Infusion
One of the key concerns in MSC therapy is its long-term safety, particularly the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other complications. In this study, seven patients in the UC-MSC group experienced mild, self-limiting fevers after their infusions, but no other significant short-term side effects were reported.
Over the long term, both groups had similar rates of HCC development, indicating that UC-MSC therapy does not increase the risk of liver cancer compared to standard treatment. Importantly, no other major adverse effects were observed during the 75-month follow-up, suggesting that UC-MSC therapy is a safe option for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.
Challenges and Next Steps in UC-MSC Therapy for Liver Cirrhosis”
Despite the positive findings, this study had some limitations. For instance, liver biopsies were not performed due to the high risk for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, meaning that histological changes in the liver could not be directly observed. Additionally, the infused UC-MSCs were not tracked within the patients’ bodies due to technical and ethical concerns, leaving some questions about the specific mechanisms of their effect on liver function.
Future research should involve multi-center clinical trials to further explore the use of UC-MSC therapy and confirm the findings of this study. Understanding the precise mechanisms through which UC-MSCs improve survival rates and liver function would also be valuable in optimizing this treatment for liver cirrhosis.
The authors of this study conclude that UC-MSC therapy appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with HBV-related decompensated liver cirrhosis. With improvements in liver function and survival rates becoming evident after 13 months, this treatment holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for managing end-stage liver disease.
Source: Shi, M., Li, YY., Xu, RN. et al. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in decompensated liver cirrhosis: a long-term follow-up analysis of the randomized controlled clinical trial. Hepatol Int 15, 1431–1441 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-021-10199-2
by Stemedix | Apr 10, 2023 | Uncategorized
ALS stands for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, which is a progressive and fatal neurological disease that affects the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles. The disease causes these motor neurons to degenerate and eventually die, leading to a loss of muscle control and eventual paralysis. In this article, we will discuss the potential benefits of Regenerative Medicine for ALS.
The initial symptoms of ALS may vary, but often include muscle weakness, cramping, twitching, and difficulty speaking, swallowing, or breathing. As the disease progresses, these symptoms worsen and spread to other parts of the body, eventually resulting in complete paralysis.
There is currently no cure for ALS, but various treatments are available to manage the symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.
How Do You Diagnose ALS?
Diagnosing ALS can be challenging as there is no specific test or procedure to definitively confirm the disease. Instead, a diagnosis of ALS is typically based on a combination of medical history, clinical examination, and various tests to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms. The diagnostic process for ALS may involve:
- Medical history: The doctor may ask questions about your symptoms, medical history, family history, and any other relevant information.
- Clinical examination: The doctor may conduct a physical examination to check for signs of muscle weakness, spasticity, or atrophy, as well as abnormal reflexes or muscle twitching.
- Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies: These tests measure the electrical activity of muscles and nerves and can help detect abnormalities associated with ALS.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This imaging technique uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the brain and spinal cord, which can help rule out other conditions.
- Blood and urine tests: These tests can help rule out other diseases that may have similar symptoms to ALS.
- Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): In some cases, a sample of cerebrospinal fluid may be taken from the spinal cord to help rule out other conditions.
It’s important to note that ALS is a difficult disease to diagnose, and the diagnostic process can be lengthy and may require multiple tests and visits to various specialists.
What Treatments are Available for ALS?
There is currently no cure for ALS, but there are various treatments available that can help manage the symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life. The treatment plan for ALS usually involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes medications, assistive devices, and supportive care.
Medications: Riluzole is the only FDA-approved drug for ALS treatment. It is thought to work by reducing the damage to the nerve cells and delaying the progression of the disease. Other medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as muscle spasms, pain, and depression.
Assistive devices: Various assistive devices such as wheelchairs, speech synthesizers, and breathing machines can help patients maintain independence and improve their quality of life.
Physical therapy: Regular exercise and physical therapy can help improve mobility, reduce stiffness and pain, and slow down the progression of the disease.
Speech therapy: As ALS progresses, patients may experience difficulty with speaking and swallowing. Speech therapy can help patients improve their ability to communicate and swallow food.
Nutritional support: As the disease progresses, patients may have difficulty eating and may require a feeding tube to ensure proper nutrition.
Supportive care: Palliative and hospice care can provide emotional and practical support for patients and their families, focusing on improving the patient’s quality of life and managing symptoms.
It’s important to note that the treatment plan for ALS varies from person to person and is based on individual symptoms and needs.
Regenerative Medicine for ALS
Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that holds great promise for the treatment of ALS. The goal of regenerative medicine is to repair or replace damaged or degenerating cells and tissues in the body, including the nerve cells affected by ALS.
There are several approaches to regenerative medicine that are being explored for the treatment of ALS, including:
Stem cell therapy: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of adult stem cell that can differentiate into various cell types, including neural cells, and have been shown to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. MSCs have been investigated as a potential therapy for ALS due to their ability to differentiate into motor neurons and their potential to modulate the immune response and promote tissue repair.
Studies have shown that MSCs can secrete a range of factors that can promote the survival and growth of motor neurons, protect against oxidative stress and inflammation, and promote neuroplasticity. MSCs can be administered via various routes, including intravenous injection, intrathecal injection, or direct injection into the spinal cord or muscle tissue.
Gene therapy: Gene therapy involves introducing a healthy copy of the defective gene responsible for ALS into the patient’s cells, which can help prevent further damage to the nerve cells. Gene therapy is still in the experimental stage for ALS and requires further research.
Neuroprotection: Neuroprotective therapies aim to protect the motor neurons from further damage and degeneration. Various drugs and compounds are being studied for their potential neuroprotective effects in ALS.
Biomaterials: Biomaterials are materials that can be used to support and enhance the function of tissues and organs. In ALS, biomaterials may be used to deliver drugs or stem cells directly to the affected area.
While there is no cure for ALS yet, research into regenerative medicine and other potential treatments is ongoing, and progress is being made in the field.
Where Can You Access Regenerative Medicine For ALS?
Stem cell therapy for ALS is still considered an experimental treatment, and it is not widely available or approved by regulatory agencies such as the FDA for this indication. Therefore, it is important to approach any stem cell therapy for ALS with caution and to thoroughly research any treatment centers or clinics that offer such therapy.
Currently, there are only a few clinical trials investigating the safety and effectiveness of stem cell therapy for ALS. These trials are being conducted at research institutions and hospitals, and participation is typically limited to patients who meet specific eligibility criteria. The treatment will be overseen by a team of healthcare professionals, including neurologists, stem cell researchers, and other specialists in ALS management.
If stem cell therapy is being administered outside of a clinical trial, patients should seek out healthcare professionals who have extensive experience in the field of stem cell research and who are knowledgeable about the use of stem cells for the treatment of ALS.
It’s important to note that patients should only seek treatment from licensed and reputable healthcare professionals who follow appropriate regulatory guidelines and ethical standards. Before undergoing stem cell therapy for ALS, patients should discuss their options with a qualified healthcare professional.
by admin | Mar 24, 2023 | Uncategorized, Health Awareness, Musculoskeletal, Osteoarthritis
Your bones are essential for providing your body with support and stability, especially as you age. When you get older, you are more susceptible to conditions that can weaken bones and make them more prone to breakage.
Keeping your bones healthy throughout your life will strengthen them in old age and make you less likely to develop conditions like osteoporosis. Take a look at these tips for healthier bones.
Increase Calcium Intake
One of the best ways to strengthen your bones is to increase your calcium intake. Many people are deficient in calcium, and it puts them at a higher risk of osteoporosis and other conditions that weaken bones. You can increase your calcium intake by adding more whole milk, yogurt, and calcium supplements to your diet.
Stay Active
You don’t need to perform strenuous exercises or intense workouts. A daily walk, swimming, or even playing golf are all good ways to remain physically active.
People who lead a sedentary lifestyle tend to have weaker bones than those who get regular exercise. To strengthen your bones and reduce the risk of osteoporosis, you should strive to stay active throughout your whole life.
Quit Smoking
Research has suggested that smoking cigarettes can increase your risk of bone breakage or developing osteoporosis. To help yourself maintain strong, healthy bones, it’s better to quit smoking as soon as possible.
Decrease Alcohol Consumption
In addition to tobacco products, alcohol can increase your risk of developing osteoporosis. For stronger, healthier bones, you should try to keep your drinking to a minimum.
Keep Hormones in Check
Some instances of weak bones and osteoporosis are linked to hormone imbalances. Getting your hormone levels regularly checked and ruling out thyroid conditions can help you keep strong bones for your entire life.
by Stemedix | Mar 13, 2023 | Uncategorized
Diabetes is a chronic condition that can progress in severity if left unmanaged. In many cases, untreated diabetes can lead to severe nerve pain. When you suffer from diabetic nerve pain, you may find yourself looking anywhere and everywhere for some relief. Find out how you can address your diabetic nerve pain.
What Causes Diabetic Nerve Pain?
Also known as diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nerve pain is the result of unstable blood sugar levels. When you have diabetes and allow your blood sugar to rise continuously, it can do damage to the nerves that send signals throughout your body.
The blood flow to these nerves is reduced, and they are no longer able to function properly. This leads to nerve pain, most often in the hands, feet, and legs.
Treating Diabetic Nerve Pain
If you develop diabetic neuropathy, there are several treatment options that can alleviate your pain. Learn more about each of these treatments below:
Blood Sugar Maintenance
The best way to stop nerve pain from progressing is by controlling your blood sugar. Practicing proper blood sugar maintenance and keeping your levels in a healthy range will stop the progression of neuropathy and prevent additional nerves from being damaged.
INF
INF, or intraneural facilitation, is another way to treat diabetic nerve pain. INF is an innovative treatment that does not involve any medications and is completely non-invasive. During INF treatment, blood supply is restored to the damaged nerves, alleviating pain and discomfort.
Medication
Sometimes, over-the-counter medication is the best way to relieve diabetic nerve pain. Medications like ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and aspirin can all reduce the severity of your nerve pain when used for short periods. In severe cases, prescription pain medications may be needed to provide comfort.
Physical Therapy
Another way to address diabetic nerve pain is with physical therapy. Certain exercises and stretches can relieve the discomfort caused by neuropathy. These exercises include swimming, walking, and other low-impact exercises.
Regenerative Medicine
Regenerative medicine is a developing field that aims to restore or replace damaged or diseased tissues. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of blood sugar (glucose) due to the body’s inability to produce or properly use insulin.
One approach of regenerative medicine is the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to replace damaged or dysfunctional cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. These cells can be derived from a patient’s own body (such as bone marrow or adipose tissue) or from umbilical cord tissue (Wharton’s jelly). Although more research is needed to optimize these approaches, several studies have shown promising results in using stem cells to generate new insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
Diabetic Neuropathy Treatment
Are you struggling with chronic pain and discomfort due to diabetic neuropathy? Diabetic nerve pain can occur when blood sugar levels are not managed properly. To stop the progression of your neuropathy or to prevent nerve pain in the first place, you must keep your blood sugar under control.
Establishing a reliable medical team and having doctors whom you trust can help you manage your diabetes and keep your blood sugar at healthy levels. To learn more, contact a care coordinator today at Stemedix!
by admin | Jan 18, 2023 | Uncategorized
Worldwide, an estimated 10 million people suffer some form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) severe enough to result in either death or hospitalization each year. Nearly 20% of these TBIs occur in the United States and over 50,000 of those affected die as a result of their injury.
Characterized by a wide range of physical, psychological, and emotional impairments that range from mild memory and mood disorders to severe loss of body control and coma, TBIs are most often caused by a serious blow to the head or neck area[1].
Research has confirmed that the initial trauma resulting from the TBI is not the only factor causing damage to the brain. After sustaining an initial injury, the brain initiates a series of complex biochemical responses that significantly influence the overall severity of the damage caused as a result of the injury.
TBIs come with a tremendous cost, with direct and indirect costs estimated at over $60 billion per year in the United States alone. Additionally, there has been limited success in identifying therapeutic or pharmacological treatments that improve the long-term prognosis of moderate to severe TBI.
Considering the recent success of regenerative therapies in the treatment of a number of serious health conditions, researchers are optimistically exploring the potential benefits of using stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a possible way to restore functionality to damaged neurons in and around the brain.
In this publication, Hasan et al. review numerous studies investigating the effects of the infusion of MSCs into animal models of TBIs and summarize the advances in the application of MSCs in the treatment of TBI. MSCs are multipotent stromal cells and are available for extraction from all tissue in the body.
Adding to the potential benefits offered by MSCs, they have been found to differentiate into a wide range of cell lines (not just mesenchymal cells) making them an easily accessible and potentially highly effective option for use in the regenerative treatment of TBIs.
In addition, MSCs have been observed selectively migrating and settling within injured tissue, which adds additional benefit for treatment within previously undeliverable or difficult-to-deliver sites such as the brain and the heart.
The growing evidence supporting the efficiency of using MSCs to alleviate the long-term and debilitating effects of TBI has been further bolstered by recent research highlighting the potential for the genetic modification of MSCs as a way to enhance the survival of stem and neuronal cells. Coupled with additional findings in human trials demonstrating that oxidative stress production can be manipulated by MSCs and therefore contribute to the brain’s recovery after injury, researchers are increasingly optimistic that MSC-based approaches offer significant benefits for the treatment of TBIs.
Hasan et al. also point out several concerns and potential challenges of using MSCs in the treatment of TBIs that need to be further explored and better understood before regular use in clinical settings can be approved. Among these concerns, the authors point out, is that a better understanding of the mechanisms of MSC homing in TBI-affected regions of the brain is important in order to employ them efficiently in clinical settings. Another area requiring further research is a better understanding of the respective roles of paracrine effects, transdifferentiated cells, and other factors related to tissue repair. The authors also identify a recent concern over the potential role of MSCs in the development of cancer and autoimmune diseases as a cause for further study of this potential treatment.
Despite the areas identified as in need of further research, the authors conclude that MSCs continues to demonstrate great potential in the field of regenerative medicine and specifically with respect to their use in the treatment of TBI.
Source: Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.” 20 Feb. 2017, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5316525/.
[1] “Traumatic brain injury – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic.” 4 Feb. 2021, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20378557.
by Stemedix | Dec 26, 2022 | Regenerative Medicine, Health Awareness, Uncategorized
There are endless types of medicinal treatments available to treat your health concerns, but one of the more innovative approaches in regenerative medicine. It focuses on using your body’s own materials to stimulate a healing response in your cells, tissues, muscles, and more.
Types of Regenerative Medicine
There are several types of regenerative medicine, but the two most popular treatments are stem cell therapy and PRP injections.
Stem Cell Therapy
Stem cell therapy is a regenerative medicine treatment that uses natural stem cells to produce an intense healing response within the body. When your body’s own stem cells are injected into certain problem areas, they begin to repair damaged cells, nerves, and other tissues. They can also stimulate the growth of new cells and tissues.
PRP Injections
PRP injections are another type of regenerative medicine treatment. PRP refers to “platelet-rich plasma,” which is the portion of your blood that is high in platelets. During PRP therapy, platelet-rich plasma is harvested from your own blood and injected back into specific areas of the body. This can elicit a healing response and new cell growth.
Uses for Regenerative Medicine
Regenerative medicine can be used to treat a variety of concerns, both aesthetic and medical. The following are some of the most common uses for regenerative medicine treatments:
Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disease that impacts memory and cognitive skills. It typically occurs in the late 60s and older but can begin at younger ages. Stem cell therapy may be able to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer’s and slow the progression of the disease by directly targeting nerve pathways and repairing damaged brain tissue.
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can cause chronic pain and impact the way your immune system functions. Regenerative medicine therapy may be a treatment option for certain autoimmune issues, helping stimulate new cell growth and strengthen the immune system.
Signs of Aging
Wrinkles, fine lines, and facial creasing are some of the most common signs of aging. Regenerative medicine, like PRP therapy, can resolve these age-related changes by stimulating new skin cell growth.
Seeking Regenerative Medicine Treatment
You may be a candidate for regenerative medicine treatment if you struggle with anything from chronic pain to hair loss. Many of these treatments are still being researched, and methods are constantly being improved. Speak to your physician about potential regenerative medicine therapy for your concerns.
Contact Us
If you’re interested in learning more about innovative and advanced medical technologies like regenerative medicine treatment, contact Stemedix today to learn more about the treatment options we have to offer!
St. Petersburg, Florida
