Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and occurs as a result of the protective cartilage, found on the ends of the bones, degenerates over time. While OA can occur in any joint, it is most commonly found to occur in the hands, hips, spine, and knee. An estimated 365 million people worldwide…
Characterized by scaly white or erythematous plaques, psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune dermatological disease most often appearing on the scalp, genitalia, lumbosacral area, and extensor surfaces of the limbs. Affecting an estimated 125 million people worldwide, the condition most commonly is observed in those between the ages of 15 and 25 years of age. The…
Acute and chronic pancreatitis are associated with local and systemic inflammation that is linked to a host of serious health issues. A result of the digestive juices and enzymes attacking the pancreas, pancreatitis currently has no definite treatment. Currently, it is estimated that over 6 million people worldwide are afflicted by acute or chronic pancreatitis…
Spinal cord injury is a global term used to capture damage to the spinal cord resulting from trauma (typically in the form of car accidents, falls, or work-related injuries) or from disease or degenerative conditions. Worldwide, it is estimated that up to 500,000 people suffer some type of spinal cord injury (SCI), with most resulting…
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease that affects the brain, spinal cord, and central nervous system (CNS). Affecting an estimated 3 million people worldwide, MS is typically characterized by an autoimmune response that results in inflammation, demyelination, and degeneration of axons. Most patients who are diagnosed with MS demonstrate a disease progression characterized…
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint condition that causes pain and lack of mobility through the progressive degradation of joint cartilage. While there are several current pharmaceutical, physical therapy, and surgical treatments to address the symptoms of OA, researchers are interested in developing new therapeutic treatment approaches to address the relentless progression of the condition.…
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious health condition characterized by progressive deterioration in glycemic control resulting from decreased insulin sensitivity and diminished insulin secretion. Currently, it is estimated that over 462 million people worldwide are affected by T2DM. While diet, physical exercise, and glucose-lowering medications have been shown to improve hyperglycemia, the results…
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 795,000 people have strokes every year in the United States, and about 610,000 of these are first or new strokes. Recovering from a stroke can be a complex process that involves many types of therapies, and one option that shows promise is regenerative medicine. …
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common multisystemic autoimmune disease that often results in multi-organ damage when left untreated. Currently affecting over 1.5 million Americans, the etiology and pathogenesis of SLE continue to remain unclear. At present, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants are the most prescribed course of therapeutic treatment and mostly as a way to manage…
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most predominant neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, affecting over 10 million people. Characterized by a slow and progressive loss of control of the neurological system as a result of dopamine depletion, symptoms of PD often include tremors, slowed movement, impaired posture and balance, and gradual loss of automatic movements. While PD…
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